Car won’t start? Battery, starter or alternator
Car won’t start? The sound it makes when you turn the key narrows it down. Here is what each sign usually means, what you can check safely yourself, and what an auto electrician tests next.
What the car is telling you
These are the usual causes, not a diagnosis. Two faults can look the same from the driver’s seat, which is why a test comes before a new part.
Nothing at all: no dash lights, no sound
A completely flat battery, a battery terminal that has come loose, or a failed main fuse or earth strap.
Dash lights on, one loud click, no crank
The starter solenoid or the starter motor, or a poor connection on the heavy starter cable. A weak battery can also do this.
Rapid clicking or chattering when you turn the key
A battery with enough charge for the lights but not enough to turn the engine. Very often a flat or failing battery.
Slow, laboured crank that sometimes catches
A tired battery, corroded terminals or cables, or a starter motor drawing too much current. Worse on cold mornings.
Cranks normally but never fires
Fuel, ignition or the immobiliser. A security light that stays on or flashes points to the key or immobiliser. No fuel pump hum points to a fuel supply fault.
Starts, then dies within a few seconds
Commonly the immobiliser not recognising the key. Also fuel delivery or an air or sensor fault that a diagnostic scan can narrow down.
Battery light came on while driving, now it won't start
The alternator stopped charging and the car ran on the battery until it was flat. A new battery alone will go flat again.
What you can safely check yourself
None of these checks need tools beyond a torch. Stop there if anything smells of burning or you see melted insulation.
Lights while cranking
Switch on the headlights and turn the key. If they dim sharply or go out, the battery or its connections cannot supply the current. If they stay bright and nothing turns, look at the starter side.
The battery terminals
With the engine off, check that both clamps are tight and not crusted with white or green corrosion. A clamp you can twist by hand is enough to stop a car starting.
The key and the security light
Try the spare key. If the car starts on the spare, the fault is the first key’s battery or chip. A security light that stays on or flashes after the key is turned points at the immobiliser.
Gear lever and clutch
An automatic starts only in Park or Neutral, and many manuals only with the clutch fully down. A worn switch here can look exactly like a starter fault.
What a jump start tells you
If it starts straight away on a jump, the battery was too low to start the engine. If it still only clicks, suspect the starter or its cable. Either way, have the charging system checked, or you will need another jump tomorrow.
Warning lights on the last drive
A battery light on the way home usually means the alternator stopped charging. An engine light alongside a starting problem is worth a diagnostic scan before any part is replaced.
What an auto electrician tests
A good auto electrician tests before replacing anything. These are the usual steps for a car that will not start, roughly in the order they are done.
Battery load test
A resting reading of about 12.6 volts means a full charge, but it does not show whether the battery can deliver starting current. A load tester or conductance tester shows that, and tells a worn battery from one that was only run flat. Battery testing and replacement
Charging voltage
With the engine running, most cars charge at about 13.8 to 14.7 volts. Much lower and the alternator is not charging properly. Much higher and the regulator can overcharge the battery and damage it. Alternator repair
Voltage drop at the starter
Measuring voltage at the starter while the key is turned separates a faulty starter from a bad cable, earth strap or ignition switch. That can save the cost of an unnecessary starter. Starter motor repair
Standby current test
If the battery is flat every few mornings, they measure the current drawn with the car locked and asleep, then remove fuses one at a time to find the circuit responsible. Aftermarket alarms and radios are common causes.
Fault codes and immobiliser
A scan tool reads the stored codes, including the immobiliser and key-recognition faults that let a car crank without firing, or start and then cut out. Car diagnostics
If it isn’t electrical
A strong crank with no fire and no electrical fault can be fuel supply, a snapped timing belt or lost compression. Those are jobs for a mechanic, and a good auto electrician will say so rather than keep testing.
Stuck at home or at work? Many of these tests can be done on your driveway or in a car park. Find a mobile auto electrician near you, or search by town for a workshop.
Common questions
Is it the battery or the starter?
Switch the headlights on and turn the key. If the lights dim heavily or go out, the battery is not holding up under load. If they stay bright and you hear only a single click, the starter or its wiring is more likely. A battery load test settles it: battery testing, starter motor repair.
The car started with a jump. Is the problem solved?
Not yet. A jump start tells you the battery was too low, not why. Either the battery can no longer hold a charge, the alternator is not recharging it, or something is flattening it while the car is parked. An auto electrician can test all three in one visit: alternator repair.
What voltage should a healthy battery show?
A fully charged 12-volt car battery at rest reads about 12.6 volts. Around 12.2 volts is roughly half charged, and below 12 volts is flat. With the engine running, most cars charge at somewhere around 13.8 to 14.7 volts. A resting reading tells you the charge, not the health, so a battery can read well and still fail a load test.
Can a mobile auto electrician fix it where it stands?
Often, yes. Batteries, terminals, fuses, starter connections and many immobiliser and wiring faults can be tested and fixed at home or at work. A starter or alternator that needs rebuilding usually goes to the workshop. Find a mobile auto electrician.
When do I need a mechanic rather than an auto electrician?
If the engine cranks strongly but will not fire and there are no electrical warning signs, the fault may be fuel supply, a broken timing belt or low compression, which is mechanical work. A diagnostic scan is a sensible first step because it shows which system is at fault before anything is taken apart: car diagnostics.